The stretching process of low carbon steel is divided into the following four stages

The stretching process of low carbon steel is divided into the following four stages

Elastic stage: The deformation in this stage is completely elastic, and it returns to its original state after being stressed, and no plastic deformation occurs. If all loads are removed, its original length can still be restored.
Yielding stage: As the elongation increases sharply, the load reading fluctuates within a small range. The stress and strain of the material at this stage have a nonlinear relationship, that is, before the material begins to undergo plastic deformation, when a certain stress level is reached, the material will continue to undergo plastic deformation.
Strengthening stage: After passing through the yield stage, the resistance in the specimen continues to increase. After continued application of tensile force, the material moves from the yielding stage to the strengthening stage.
Neck stage: After stretching to a certain extent, the load reading gradually decreases. When the sample is stretched to a certain extent, "necking" will occur, that is, the cross-sectional area of a certain section of the sample shrinks significantly. If you continue to stretch, the material will eventually break.